Causes, Effects, and Solutions to the Problem of Malnutrition in Older Adults Who Remain Independent

Title

Causes, Effects, and Solutions to the Problem of Malnutrition in Older Adults Who Remain Independent

Author

1. Xuan Tu Nguyen, Student, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
2. Tung Tran, Professor, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam

Abstract

Up to 10% of older individuals who live alone experience malnutrition, which raises the risk of morbidity and mortality. This is a severe public health concern. This work investigates the two pathogenic processes associated with anorexia, namely, inflammation-induced tissue catabolism and food deprivation. Reduced appetite, barriers to food access, and socioeconomic issues contribute to nutrient scarcity, impairing physical and cognitive abilities. Chronic inflammation and anorexia are involved in inflammation-induced tissue catabolism, which exacerbates malnutrition and adverse health effects. Malnutrition can reduce bone density, muscle atrophy, immune system weakness, and mental health problems. A multimodal strategy is needed to address malnutrition, including physical activity programmes, medical and psychological care, community support programmes, and nutritional education and counselling. These tactics seek to lessen the load on people and healthcare systems while enhancing senior citizens' health and quality of life. This thorough review emphasizes the frequency, causes, outcomes, and countermeasures to malnutrition's harmful impacts on older persons living independently.

Keywords

Conclusion

Among elderly adults who live alone, malnutrition is still a severe problem because of anorexia-induced inflammation-induced tissue catabolism and nutrient deficiency. A comprehensive strategy, including dietary education, community assistance, medical and psychiatric care, and physical activity promotion, is needed to address this complicated issue. By implementing these tactics, we can lessen the toll that malnutrition takes on people and healthcare systems while improving senior citizens' health and quality of life.

Author Contrubution

The study's design, data collection, result analysis, and manuscript preparation were entirely managed by the author.

Funding

The authors did not receive any specific grants from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or non-profit sectors for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Conflict of Interest

The authors disclose no conflicts of interest in relation to this work.

Data Sharing Statement

Not applicable.

Software And Tools Use

The research did not involve the use of any particular software or tools.

Acknowledgements

I thank the following individuals for their expertise and assistance in all aspects of our study and for their help in writing the manuscript. I am also grateful for the insightful comments given by anonymous peer reviewers. Everyone's generosity and expertise have improved this study in myriad ways and saved me from many errors.